During the negative half cycle of the input the diode is Reverse biased. The whole of the input voltage appears across the diode when the input reaches its peak value, Vm in the negative half cycle, the voltage across the diode is also maximum. This maximum voltage is called the Peak Inverse Voltage. It represents that the maximum voltage of the diode must withstand the negative half cycle of the input.
When the diode is used as a rectifier the peak inverse voltage is extremely important. In rectifier service, it has to be ensured that reverse voltage across the diode does not exceed its peak inverse voltage during the negative half cycle of input A.C.voltage.
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